Heat olive oil in your soup pot over medium heat. Add diced onions and season with salt, pepper, Old Bay, and crushed red pepper. Cook for about 5 minutes until the onions soften and release a savory aroma.
Stir in sliced smoked sausage and minced garlic. Let them cook together for about 5 minutes. This step deepens the base flavor with smoky and garlicky notes that carry through the entire soup.
Add diced potatoes and fresh corn kernels to the pot. Season again lightly with salt, pepper, and Old Bay. Cook for another 5 minutes so the vegetables can absorb the spices before simmering.
Pour in chicken broth and stir in the chicken base. Add fresh thyme sprigs and a splash of hot sauce. Bring the mixture to a boil, then lower the heat and let it simmer for 20 minutes, allowing the potatoes to become tender. If you prefer a slightly thicker soup, pulse with an immersion blender.
Once the potatoes are soft, stir in the shrimp and squeeze in fresh lemon juice. Cook just until the shrimp turn pink and opaque, about 5 minutes. Taste and adjust seasonings before serving hot.