Start by chopping the cooked corned beef, cabbage, onions, and potatoes into bite-sized pieces. This ensures even cooking and makes the casserole easier to serve. I like to keep the pieces uniform so every bite has a good mix of flavors. Preparing everything ahead of time makes the cooking process much smoother.
Melt butter in a large skillet over medium heat, then add the onions and cabbage. Cook until they soften and become slightly tender, which usually takes about 5–7 minutes. This step enhances the flavor and removes excess moisture from the cabbage. It also gives the casserole a richer, more balanced taste.
In a mixing bowl, combine the cream of mushroom soup with milk until smooth. This mixture creates a creamy texture that binds all the ingredients together. Season lightly with salt and pepper, keeping in mind that corned beef is naturally salty. Stir well so everything blends evenly.
Layer the potatoes, corned beef, and sautéed cabbage mixture in a baking dish. Pour the creamy soup mixture over the top, ensuring all ingredients are coated. Sprinkle shredded cheese evenly over the casserole for a melty, golden finish. This layering helps distribute flavors throughout the dish.
Place the baking dish in a preheated oven at 350°F (175°C) and bake for about 35–40 minutes. The casserole should be bubbly and the top lightly golden. Let it rest for a few minutes before serving to allow it to set properly. This resting time makes slicing and serving much easier.