Preheat the oven to 350°F. Grease and flour a 10- to 12-cup Bundt pan, or use baking spray that already contains flour. I find the baking spray especially convenient because it quickly reaches the grooves of the Bundt pan and helps the finished cake release cleanly.
Add the all-purpose flour, baking soda, apple pie spice or cinnamon, and salt to a medium bowl. Stir the chopped pecans into this mixture so they become coated with the flour. This helps distribute the pecans throughout the cake rather than letting them settle in one area.
In a large bowl, whisk the eggs until they become light and foamy. Add the vegetable oil and whisk just until incorporated. Add the firmly packed brown sugar and vanilla extract, then mix until everything is combined. There is no need to bring out a hand mixer or stand mixer.
Cut the apples away from their cores and shred or finely chop them. One of the easiest shortcuts is that I do not need to peel them first. The recipe calls for about 2½ cups of shredded apple. If the apples are particularly juicy, gently squeeze out some excess moisture before adding them.
Stir the shredded apples into the brown-sugar mixture until they are evenly distributed. Using a baking apple is important because varieties such as Granny Smith, Golden Delicious, and McIntosh are better suited to baking than apples that can become too soft.
Add the flour mixture to the brown-sugar and apple mixture. Stir just until the ingredients are combined. Avoid unnecessary mixing once the flour disappears so the cake keeps its tender texture.
Pour the batter evenly into the prepared Bundt pan. Smooth the top if necessary, then place the pan on the center rack of the preheated oven. Keeping the batter evenly distributed helps the cake bake consistently.
Bake for approximately 45 to 50 minutes. Check the center with a wooden pick or cake tester. It should come out almost clean, with a few crumbs attached but no wet batter.
Let the cake cool in the Bundt pan for 10 minutes. I recommend setting a timer here because turning the cake out too early can cause it to fall apart, while leaving it in the pan too long can make it more difficult to release.
While the cake rests in the pan, prepare the caramel glaze. The glaze becomes thicker as it cools, so timing it with the cake's cooling period makes it easier to drizzle over the finished dessert.
Place a serving plate over the Bundt pan. Using oven mitts or pot holders, carefully turn the pan over so the cake releases onto the plate. Remove the pan carefully and allow the cake to continue cooling if desired.
Drizzle the caramel glaze over the cake while it is ready for serving. For extra texture and presentation, add the optional pecan halves and pieces while the glaze is still soft. You can also skip the glaze and simply dust the cake with powdered sugar.
Serve the cake warm or at room temperature. For an especially comforting dessert, I like the idea of pairing a warm slice with vanilla ice cream. Coffee, milk, iced tea, or hot tea also make simple serving companions.