Peel your potatoes and drop them straight into a bowl of cold water so they don't turn brown while you work. Peel the onion and cut it in half for easier shredding later. Keeping the potatoes submerged also rinses off some surface starch, which actually helps with browning.
Using the medium or large holes of your box grater, shred both the potatoes and the onion together. Working in batches keeps the shreds even and manageable. I like shredding onion and potato at the same time so their juices mix right away.
Transfer the shredded mixture to a clean kitchen towel and wring it out hard over the sink. This step genuinely makes or breaks your latkes, so don't rush it. The drier your mixture, the crispier and less greasy your final latke will be.
Add the squeezed potato and onion back into a large bowl along with the eggs, minced garlic, potato starch, everything bagel seasoning, and salt. Stir until everything is evenly coated and slightly sticky. The mixture should hold together when you press a spoonful in your hand.
Pour oil into a large skillet until it reaches about a quarter-inch depth and set it over medium-high heat. Let it heat until it shimmers but doesn't smoke. Testing with a small piece of batter first helps you confirm the oil is ready.
Scoop portions of batter into the hot oil and gently flatten each one with your spatula into an oval shape. Fry for about 2-3 minutes per side until deeply golden brown and crisp. Work in batches so the pan isn't overcrowded and the oil temperature stays steady.
Transfer finished latkes to a wire rack lined with paper towels to drain while you fry the rest. In a small bowl, stir together the softened cream cheese, dill, chives, and lemon juice until smooth and fully combined.
Spread a generous layer of the herbed cream cheese over each warm latke. Lay a small piece of smoked salmon on top and finish with a sprinkle of everything bagel seasoning. Serve immediately while the latkes are still warm and crisp