Start by chopping the romaine lettuce into bite‑sized pieces with a sharp knife so every forkful is easy to enjoy. After chopping, rinse well and spin dry or pat dry with paper towels. You want the lettuce dry so the dressing sticks instead of sliding off.
In a small jar or bowl, whisk together the lemon juice, olive oil, salt, black pepper, and optional chili flakes. This simple vinaigrette brings bright lemon brightness and olive oil richness to every bite.
Add the lettuce, sliced shallots, lemon zest, and freshly grated Parmesan into your large salad bowl. Pour the dressing over everything and toss gently but thoroughly until each leaf is lightly coated with flavor.