Bring a large pot of water to a boil, then add your shucked corn cobs and cook for about two minutes. Let the corn cool completely before cutting the kernels off, since warm corn can wilt the other ingredients. If you prefer, raw corn works too and skips the cooking step entirely.
While the corn cools, slice your peaches, thinly slice the red onion and jalapeño, and chop the cilantro. Add all of these to a large mixing bowl along with the cooled corn kernels. Keep the pieces roughly the same size so every bite has a nice mix of flavors.
In a small bowl, whisk the lime juice and honey together until the honey fully dissolves into the juice. Add a few cracks of black pepper to the dressing at this point. This simple three-ingredient dressing is what ties the whole salad together.
Pour the dressing over the corn and peach mixture, then toss everything gently until it's evenly coated. Season with salt to taste and give it one more toss. Cover the bowl and refrigerate it for 10 to 20 minutes so the flavors can meld.
Right before serving, dice your avocado and either fold it gently into the salad or scatter it over the top of each bowl. Adding it at the last minute keeps it from turning brown or getting mushy. Serve the salad right away while everything is fresh and cold.