Start by trimming your cauliflower and slicing the red onion. Toss them with olive oil, salt, and pepper right on a sheet pan, making sure everything is in a single layer so they roast evenly. This step builds depth of flavor and texture.
Slide the pan into a 425°F oven and let the cauliflower and onions brown for about 20 minutes. Flip everything and roast another 5–10 minutes until nicely caramelized on both sides. The golden edges add rich, nutty flavor.
While the veggies roast, place your lentils in a pot with about an inch of water and a teaspoon of salt. Bring to a boil, then reduce to a simmer for about 15–20 minutes until tender. Rinse with cold water and set aside so they stop cooking.
In a small bowl, combine minced garlic, mustard, lemon juice, olive oil, salt, and pepper. Whisk until smooth and slightly thickened. This dressing ties all the salad components together with bright, zesty flavor.
In a large bowl, layer the cooked lentils, roasted cauliflower and onions, olives, pistachios, and parsley. Pour the vinaigrette over everything and toss gently so every bite gets some dressing. Taste and adjust seasoning if needed before serving.