Pour the chilled heavy cream into a cold mixing bowl along with the powdered sugar and vanilla extract. Beat on medium-high speed until soft peaks form, then keep going until the cream holds its shape. Set aside a portion for the top layer and garnish later.
In a separate bowl, beat the softened cream cheese until it's completely smooth with no lumps. Fold in the prepared pudding gently with a spatula until fully combined. This layer adds a rich, tangy contrast to the sweet berries and cake.
Slice the strawberries and rinse the blueberries, patting both completely dry with paper towels. Cube the angel food cake into bite-sized pieces so every spoonful gets a bit of cake, cream, and fruit. Keep the fruit separated by color so your layers stay crisp and defined.
Start with a layer of cubed angel food cake at the bottom of your trifle bowl, pressing it down gently so it fits snugly. Spoon a layer of the cream cheese mixture over the cake, spreading it evenly to the edges of the bowl. This base layer sets the foundation for everything on top.
Scatter a layer of blueberries around the outer edge of the bowl, then fill the center with sliced strawberries, or reverse it depending on your pattern. Press the fruit gently against the glass so the colors show clearly from the outside. This is the step that really makes the trifle look star-spangled.
Add another layer of cake cubes, followed by the remaining cream cheese mixture, and another round of berries. Repeat until you reach the top of the bowl, finishing with a generous layer of whipped cream. Two to three full layers usually fits perfectly in a standard trifle bowl.
Cover the trifle with plastic wrap and refrigerate it for at least one hour so the layers set and the flavors meld together. Right before serving, top it with extra berries arranged in a star pattern and a sprinkle of patriotic sprinkles. Chilling really does make a difference in how clean each slice looks.