Start by rinsing the fish thoroughly and patting it dry. I like to make a few shallow cuts on both sides so the flavors soak in better. Lightly season it with salt and set it aside while preparing the aromatics.
In a bowl, mix garlic, lime juice, fish sauce, and sugar until well combined. Add sliced chilies and lemongrass to this mixture for a fragrant base. This step really builds the bold Thai flavor profile.
Place the fish in a heatproof dish and pour half of the prepared sauce over it. Steam it over medium heat for about 15–20 minutes until the fish is tender. The gentle steaming keeps the fish juicy and delicate.
While the fish is cooking, heat coconut milk in a saucepan over low heat. Add the remaining sauce mixture and stir gently until slightly thickened. This creates a creamy, tangy sauce that complements the fish perfectly.
Once the fish is cooked, pour the warm coconut sauce over it. Garnish with fresh cilantro and a squeeze of lime if you like. Serve immediately while everything is hot and fragrant.