I run the potatoes and onion through my food processor fitted with the coarse grating disc. This takes seconds and gives a much more even shred than a box grater. If you don't have a food processor, a box grater works fine too, just expect a little more arm work.
This step matters more than people think. I pile the grated mixture into a clean kitchen towel and twist it tightly over the sink until almost no liquid drips out. The drier the mixture, the crispier your latkes will turn out.
I transfer the dry potato and onion shreds to a large bowl, then add the eggs, flour, salt, baking powder, and pepper. I stir just until everything is combined, since overmixing can make the batter dense instead of light.
I pour about a quarter inch of oil into a heavy skillet and heat it over medium-high until it shimmers. Testing with a small drop of batter first helps me know the oil is ready before I commit a full batch.
I spoon portions of the mixture into the hot oil and flatten each one gently with a spatula into a disc shape. I let them fry undisturbed until the edges turn golden brown and crisp, which usually takes about five minutes per side.
Once the bottom is deeply golden, I carefully flip each latke and let the other side crisp up the same way. I keep the heat steady so the inside cooks through without the outside burning.
As soon as each batch comes out of the pan, I set them on a paper towel-lined plate and sprinkle with a little extra salt while they're still hot. That warm salt sticks beautifully and boosts the flavor instantly.