Place each chicken breast between two sheets of plastic wrap and pound it to about half an inch thick. This keeps the chicken from drying out and helps it cook evenly all the way through. Season both sides generously with salt and pepper before you start breading.
Put the flour in one shallow dish, the beaten eggs in a second, and the panko mixed with parmesan, garlic powder, and Italian seasoning in a third. Keep one hand dry and one hand wet as you work so the breading doesn't clump on your fingers. This little trick makes the whole process much less messy.
Dredge each chicken breast in flour, then egg, then press firmly into the breadcrumb mixture so it sticks well. Heat the olive oil in your oven-safe skillet over medium-high heat and sear the cutlets for about three minutes per side until golden. You're not cooking them through yet, just building that crispy crust.
Spoon a few tablespoons of marinara over each seared cutlet, then top with a generous layer of mozzarella and a sprinkle of parmesan.
Slide the skillet under a preheated broiler for three to five minutes, watching closely until the cheese is melted and bubbling with light golden spots. Use your meat thermometer to confirm the chicken has reached 165°F in the thickest part. Pull it out the moment the cheese looks right, since broilers work fast.
While the chicken broils, cook your pasta according to the package directions and toss it with a bit of the remaining marinara sauce. Plate the pasta first, then set a cheesy chicken cutlet right on top. Finish with torn basil leaves for a fresh, restaurant-style presentation.